The contraceptive patch

We’ve all heard of the pill or the coil - pretty standard right. Thing is, those aren’t your only options when it comes to contraception. There are loads of new choices out there, including the patch. You read that right. Today we discuss the contraceptive patch and how it works.

What is the contraceptive patch?

The contraceptive patch (AKA pregnancy patch or birth control patch) is a matchbox-sized square of adhesive material containing the hormones oestrogen and progestogen. When you stick it on you these hormones are absorbed through the skin and into the bloodstream. Essentially, the patch works in the same way as the combined oral contraceptive pill (‘the pill’). That is, by thickening the mucus around the cervix, which makes it difficult for sperm to get into the womb.

The pregnancy patch is 99% effective at preventing pregnancy (when used correctly). Usually it goes under the trade name Ortho Evra.

How is the contraceptive patch used?

Women apply the patch on the first day of their period. It has to be replaced every seven days, and used for three consecutive weeks. The fourth week is a nice patch free break. But, don’t panic, the contraceptive effect is still active.

If you start wearing the patch on any other day besides the first day of your period you’ll need to use another birth control method (such as condoms) for the first seven days of using it. You’ll also need to wear condoms for the first seven days if your periods come every 23 days or less. In either of these situations, we’d recommend that you ask your GP (doctor) for advice.

Where can you stick the contraceptive patch?

It can be worn on most areas of the body, apart from the breasts (for health reasons) and forehead (for stupidity reasons). Common patch sticking points include the upper arm, belly, back or bum. This may sound like it’s pretty obvious but please don’t apply to skin that is red, irritated or cut; or over moisturiser, make-up or powder since these can affect its stickiness. (Skin products may also affect how hormones are absorbed by the skin.)

Another thing to know is that, unless you’ve constantly fiddled with it and/or moved it around your body, it shouldn’t come off in the shower or the swimming pool. And, if it does, simply stick it back on (no other back-up contraception is needed if you don’t use it for less than 24 hours – if you’ve gone 48 hours, back to the rubber it is). Alternatively, if it it has completely lost its stickiness you’ll need to see your GP for a new one.

What’s the difference between the pill and the patch?

Since the hormones are absorbed into the bloodstream, you’re still protected if you throw up or get diarrhoea. Plus, with the birth control patch, there’s also less risk of ‘forgetting your patch’. This is a common problem with pill users who have to remember to take their birth control pills every single day. We know, it’s a lot.

Contraceptive patch side effects

The NHS lists bleeding between periods (breakthrough bleeding) and spotting (very light, irregular bleeding) as common side effects during the first few cycles of using the patch. 

Other contraceptive patch side effects include headaches, mood swings and nausea. But all of these are normally temporary and should settle down after a few months. If not then be sure to contact your doctor.

There’s a very small risk of some serious side effects when you use a hormonal contraceptive. For example, you might experience blood clots. What’s more, research suggests that people who use the contraceptive patch have a small increased risk of developing breast cancer compared with those who don’t. Thankfully, this gradually reduces after stopping the patch. 

Remember, you can always discuss all risks and benefits with a GP or nurse before starting the patch.

Does it hurt when you take the patch off?

Nope. This is probably one of the easier forms of birth control in terms of pain. It’s no more painful than removing a plaster. So do it fast and you’ll be fine.

There may, however, be some risk of skin irritation. In which case, change the position of the patch each time you apply a new one. And if the irritation continues, speak to your GP.

Do you still need to use condoms with the contraceptive patch?

Unfortunately, like the pill, the patch doesn’t offer any protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs). This means that unless you’re 100% sure you’re both clear you’ll always need to use a condom. 

Plus, if you’ve forgotten to take the patch then please remember to use condoms. Otherwise you’ll be on the market for some emergency contraception fairly soon.

Fertility after stopping using the contraceptive patch

Once you’ve removed it your normal menstrual cycle should return within a month. It can, however, take up to three months. This is completely normal and nothing to worry about.

Can anyone use the contraceptive patch?

Your GP or nurse at the family planning clinic will usually go through your medical history to make sure the patch is right for you.

Generally speaking, only people who have a medical reason not to take the combined oral contraceptive pill won’t be eligible for the patch.